The economics of aspen management at the stand level can be attractive due to the relative ease of establishing aspen stands, simplicity of management, and potentially short rotations. Technological adaptations by industry to use aspen as a raw material for a wide range of manufacturing processes and products have resulted in a high demand for aspen roundwood, particularly for engineered wood products like oriented strand board (OSB) and waferboard (Balatinecz and Kretschmann 2001). This was not the case as recently as 25 years ago, when lack of markets in Minnesota necessitated programs that actually paid loggers to “recycle” old aspen stands. Aspen has also come to be appreciated as key habitat for certain wildlife, particularly game species. In particular, early to middle-age aspen stands provide important habitat for a variety of wildlife species. Before markets were established for aspen, much of the forest management work was done solely for improving wildlife habitat.