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Northern Research Station
11 Campus Blvd., Suite 200
Newtown Square, PA 19073
(610) 557-4017
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Scientists & Staff

David Nowak

Title: Project Leader / Research Forester
Unit: Urban Forests, Human Health, and Environmental Quality
Address: Northern Research Station
c/o SUNY ESF, 5 Moon Library
Syracuse, NY 13210
Phone: 315-448-3212
E-mail: Contact David Nowak

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Education

Ph.D. University of California, Berkeley
MS and BS SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry

Civic & Professional Affiliations

Air and Waste Management Association, American Society of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, International Society of Arboriculture, Society of American Foresters

Current Research

The goal of my research program is to investigate what makes up the vegetation in cities and town and what environmental or ecosystem services this vegetation provides to local and regional populations. The research initiates field studies and develops computer models to assess the urban forest structure, functions, and values for urban areas across the globe. One of the research goals is to integrate urban forest ecosystem services (e.g., air quality improvement) within various environmental regulations (e.g., Clean Air Act). Tools are also being developed to aid in management and planning decisions to sustain urban forest health and services. Long-term monitoring programs are investigating how and why urban forest change through time so better management plans can be developed to sustain this important resource. Specific research projects include:

Assessments of changes in urbanization and urban forest structure and functions nationally
Local assessments of urban forest structure and functions: air pollution removal; carbon storage and sequestration; biogenic emissions; building of energy conservation; water flows and water quality
Effects of urban forests on air and water quality
Long-term monitoring of urban vegetation locally and nationally (proposed Urban Forest Inventory and Analysis Program)
Development of UFORE model?computer model to assess urban forest structure, function, and value
Functional species selection program

Future Research

Future research will continue to focus on urban forest change, structure, functions, and modeling of ecosystem services.

Featured Publications

Nowak, David J.; Hoehn, Robert E. III; Crane, Daniel E.; Stevens, Jack C.; Walton, Jeffrey T. 2006. Assessing urban forest effects and values, Washington, D.C.'s urban forest. Assessing urban forest effects and values, Washington, D.C.'s urban forest. Resour. Bull. NRS-1. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station. 24 p.
Nowak, David J.; Hoehn, Robert E., III; Crane, Daniel E.; Stevens, Jack C.; Walton, Jeffrey T. 2006. Assessing urban forest effects and values, Casper's urban forest. Resour. Bull. NRS-4. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station. 20 p.
Nowak, David J.; Crane, Daniel E.; Stevens, Jack C. 2006. Air pollution removal by urban trees and shrubs in the United States. Urban Forestry and Urban Greening 4:115-123

Additional Online Publications

Nowak, David J.; Greenfield, Eric J. 2012. Tree and impervious cover change in U.S. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening. 11(1): 21-30.
Nowak, David J.; Hoehn, Robert E. III; Crane, Daniel E.; Weller, Lorraine; Davila, Antonio. 2011. Assessing urban forest effects and values, Los Angeles' urban forest. Resour. Bull. NRS-47. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station. 30 p.
Morani, Arianna; Nowak, David J.; Hirabayashi, Satoshi; Calfapietra, Carlo. 2011. How to select the best tree planing locations on enhance air pollution removal in the MillionTreesNYC initiative. Environmental Pollution. 159: 1040-1047.
Heath, Linda S.; Smith, James E.; Skog, Kenneth E.; Nowak, David J.; Woodall, Christopher W. 2011. Managed forest carbon estimates for the US greenhouse gas inventory, 1990-2008. Journal of Forestry. 109(3): 167-173.
Woodall, C.J.; Nowak, D.J.; Liknes, G.C.; Westfall, J.A. 2010. Assessing the potential for urban trees to facilitate forest tree migration in the eastern United States. Forest Ecology and Managment. 259: 1447-1454.
Nowak, David J.; Hoehn, Robert E. III; Crane, Daniel E.; Stevens, Jack C.; Fisher, Cherie Leblanc. 2010. Assessing urban forest effects and values, Chicago's urban forest. Resour. Bull. NRS-37. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station. 27 p.
Nowak, David J.; Hoehn, Robert E. III; Crane, Daniel E.; Stevens, Jack C.; Cotrone, Vincent. 2010. Assessing urban forest effects and values, Scranton's urban forest. Resour. Bull. NRS-43. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station. 23 p.
Nowak, David J.; Greenfield, Eric J. 2010. Evaluating the national land cover database tree canopy and impervious cover estimates across the conterminous United States: a comparison with photo-interpreted estimates. Environmental Management. 46(3): 378-390.
Nowak, David J.; Stein, Susan M.; Randler, Paula B.; Greenfield, Eric J.; Comas, Sara J.; Carr, Mary A.; Alig, Ralph J. 2010. Sustaining America's urban trees and forests: a Forests on the Edge report. Gen. Tech. Rep. NRS-62. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station. 27 p.
Fisher, Cherie LeBlanc; Nowak, David. 2010. UFORE (i-Tree Eco) Analysis of Chicago. IAA Newsletter. 25(1): 5,8-9.
Nowak, David J.; Greenfield, Eric J. 2010. Urban and community forests of the Mountain region: Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, Wyoming. Gen. Tech. Rep. NRS-63. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station. 78 p. [Includes CD-ROM].
Nowak, David J.; Greenfield, Eric J. 2010. Urban and community forests of the North Central East region: Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, Wisconsin. Gen. Tech. Rep. NRS-54. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station. 54 p.
Nowak, David J.; Greenfield, Eric J. 2010. Urban and community forests of the North Central West region: Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota. Gen. Tech. Rep. NRS-56. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station. 70 p.
Nowak, David J.; Greenfield, Eric J. 2010. Urban and community forests of the Pacific region: California, Oregon, Washington. Gen. Tech. Rep. NRS-65. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station. 38 p. [Includes CD-ROM].
Nowak, David J.; Greenfield, Eric J. 2010. Urban and community forests of the South Central East region: Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, Tennessee. Gen. Tech. Rep. NRS-58. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station. 46 p. [Includes CD-ROM].
Nowak, David J.; Greenfield, Eric J. 2010. Urban and community forests of the South Central West region: Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, Texas. Gen. Tech. Rep. NRS-59. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station. 46 p. [Includes CD-ROM].
Greenfield, Eric; Nowak, David J.; Walton, Jeffrey T. 2009. Assessment of 2001 NLCD percent tree and impervious cover estimates. Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing. 75(11): 1279-1286.
Escobedo, Francisco J.; Nowak, David J. 2009. Spatial heterogeneity and air pollution removal by an urban forest. Landscape and Urban Planning. 90: 102-11.
Nowak, David J.; Greenfield, Eric J. 2009. Urban and community forests of the Mid-Atlantic region: New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania. Gen. Tech. Rep. NRS-47. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station. 38 p.
Nowak, David J.; Greenfield, Eric J. 2009. Urban and community forests of the Southern Atlantic region: Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, West Virginia. Gen. Tech. Rep. NRS-50. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station. 85 p.
Nowak, David J.; Hoehn, Robert E.; Wang, Jun; Lee, Andy; Krishnamurthy, Vikram; Schwetz, Gary. 2009. Urban forest assessment in northern Delaware. Resour. Bull. NRS-33. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station. 50.
Nowak, David J.; Crane, Daniel E.; Stevens, Jack C.; Hoehn, Robert E.; Walton, Jeffrey T.; Bond, Jerry. 2008. A ground-based method of assessing urban forest structure and ecosystem services. Aboriculture & Urban Forestry. 34(6): 347-358.
Escobedo, Francisco J.; Wagner, John E.; Nowak, David J.; De la Maza, Carmen Luz; Rodriguez, Manuel; Crane, Daniel E. 2008. Analyzing the cost effectiveness of Santiago, Chile's policy of using urban forests to improve air quality. Journal of Environmental Management. 86: 148-157.
Walton, Jeffrey T.; Nowak, David J.; Greenfield, Eric J. 2008. Assessing urban forest canopy cover using airborne or satellite imagery. Arboriculture & Urban Forestry. 34(6): 334-340.
Nowak, David J. 2008. Assessing urban forest structure: summary and conclusions. Aboriculture & Urban Forestry. 34(6): 391-392.
Nowak, David J.; Walton, Jeffrey T.; Stevens, Jack C.; Crane, Daniel E.; Hoehn, Robert E. 2008. Effect of plot and sample size on timing and precision of urban forest assessments. Aboriculture & Urban Forestry. 34(6): 386-390.
Cumming, Anne; Twardus, Daniel; Hoehn, Robert; Nowak, David; Mielke, Manfred; Rideout, Richard; Butalla, Helen; Lebow, Patricia. 2008. National Forest Health Monitoring Program Wisconsin Street Tree Assessment 2002-2003, NA-FR-02-08 . United States Department of Agriculture
Forest Service
Northeastern Area
State and Private Forestry
NA-FR-02-08
December 2008
Cumming, Anne Buckelew; Twardus, Daniel; Hoehn, Robert; Nowak, David; Mielke, Manfred; Rideout, Richard; Butalla, Helen; Lebow, Patricia. 2008. National Forest Health Monitoring Program Wisconsin Street Tree Assessment 2002-2003, NA-FR-02-08 Brief. United States Department of Agriculture
Forest Service
Northeastern Area State and Private Forestry
NA-FR-02-08 Brief
Nowak, David J.; Greenfield, Eric J. 2008. Urban and community forests of New England: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Vermont. Gen. Tech. Rep. NRS-38. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station. 62 p.
Cumming, Anne Buckelew; Twardus, Daniel B.; Nowak, David J. 2008. Urban forest health monitoring: large-scale assessments in the United States. Aboriculture & Urban Forestry. 34(6): 341-346.
Nowak, David J.; Hoehn, Robert E., III; Crane, Daniel E.; Stevens, Jack C.; Walton, Jeffrey T. 2007. Assessing urban forest effects and values, New York City's urban forest. Resour. Bull. NRS-9. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station. 22 p.
Nowak, David J.; Hoehn, Robert E., III; Crane, Daniel E.; Stevens, Jack C.; Walton, Jeffrey T. 2007. Assessing urban forest effects and values, Philladelphia's urban forest. Resour. Bull. NRS-7. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station. 22 p.
Nowak, David J.; Hoehn, Robert E., III; Crane, Daniel E.; Stevens, Jack C.; Walton, Jeffrey T. 2007. Assessing urban forest effects and values, San Francisco's urban forest. Resour. Bull. NRS-8. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station. 22 p.
Heisler, Gordon; Walton, Jeffrey; Yesilonis, Ian; Nowak, David; Pouyat, Richard; Grant, Richard; Grimmond, Sue; Hyde, Karla; Bacon, Gregory. 2007. Empirical modeling and mapping of below-canopy air temperatures in Baltimore, MD and vicinity. In: Proceedings of the seventh urban environment symposium; 2007 September 10-13; San Diego, CA. American Meteorological Society. 7 p.
Nowak, David J.; Wang, Jun; Endreny, Ted. 2007. Environmental and economic benefits of preserving forests within urban areas: air and water quality. Chapter 4.. In: de Brun, Constance T.F., ed. The economic benefits of land conservation. The Trust for Public Land: 28-47.
Nowak, David ; Buckelew Cumming, Anne; Twardus, Daniel; Hoehn, Robert; Mielke, Manfred. 2007. National Forest Health Monitoring Program, Monitoring Urban Forests in Indiana: Pilot Study 2002, Part 2: Statewide Estimates Using the UFORE Model. United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Area, State and Private Forestry, Newtown Square, PA, NA-FR-01-07
Cumming, Anne Buckelew; Nowak, David; Twardus, Daniel; Hoehn, Robert ; Mielke, Manfred; Rideout, Richard. 2007. National Forest Health Monitoring Program, Urban Forests Of Wisconsin: Pilot Monitoring Project 2002. NA-FR-05-07 U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Northeastern Area State and Private Forestry, 11 Campus Boulevard, Suite 200, Newtown Square, PA 19073
Nowak, David J.; Hoehn, Robert; Crane, Daniel E. 2007. Oxygen production by urban trees in the United States. Arboriculture & Urban Forestry. 33(3): 220-226.
Myeong, Soojeong; Nowak, David J.; Duggin, Michael J. 2006. A temporal analysis of urban forest carbon storage using remote sensing. Remote Sensing of Environment. 101: 277-282.
Nowak, David J.; Hoehn, Robert E. III; Crane, Daniel E.; Stevens, Jack C.; Walton, Jeffrey T. 2006. Assessing urban forest effects and values, Minneapolis' urban forest. Resour. Bull. NE-166. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Research Station. 20 p.
Pouyat, Richard V.; Yesilonis, Ian D.; Nowak, David J. 2006. Carbon storage by urban soils in the United States. Journal of Environmental Quality 35: 1566-1575.
Nowak, David J. 2006. Institutionalizing urban forestry as a "biotechnology" to improve environmental quality. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening 5:93-100
Jouraeva, Venera A.; Johnson, David L.; Hassett, John P.; Nowak, David J.; Shipunova, Natalia A.; Barbarossa, Dana. 2006. Role of sooty mold fungi in degradation of polycycllic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHS) in soil. Environmental Research. 102: 272-282.
Escobedo, Francisco J.; Nowak, David J.; Wagner, John E.; Luz De la Maza, Carmen; Rodríguez, Manuel; Crane, Daniel E.; Hernández, Jamie. 2006. The socioeconomics and management of Santiago de Chile's public urban forests. Urban Forestry and Urban Greening 4:105-114
Nowak, David J.; Twardus, Daniel; Hoehn, Robert; Mielke, Manfred; Smith, Bill; Walton, Jeffery T.; Crane , Daniel E.; Cumming, Anne; Stevens, Jack C. 2006. Urban Forest Health Monitoring in the United States. In: Proceedings of the sixth annual forest inventory and analysis symposium; 2004 September 21-24; Denver, CO. Gen. Tech. Rep. WO-70. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service. 126p.
Pataki, D.E.; Alig, R.J.; Fung, A.S.; Golubiewski, E.; Kennedy, C.A.; McPherson, E.G.; Nowak, D.J.; Pouyat, R.V.; Romero Lankao, P. 2006. Urban ecosystems and the North American carbon cycle. Global Change Biology. 12: 1-11.
Nowak, David J.; Smith, Peter D.; Merritt, Michael; Giedraitis, John; Walton, Jeffrey T.; Hoehn, Robert E.; Stevens, Jack C.; Crane, Daniel E.; Estes, Mark; Stetson, Stephen; Burditt, Charles; Hitchcock, David; Holtcamp, Wendee. 2005. Houston's Regional Forest. Texas Forest Service Communication/Urban and Community Forestry 9/05-5000. 24p.
Woodall, Christopher; Johnson, Dan; Gallion, Joey; Perry, Charles; Butler, Brett; Piva, Ron; Jepsen, Ed; Nowak, Dave; Marshall, Phil. 2005. Indiana's forests 1999-2003 (Part A). Resour. Bull. NC-253A. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Research Station. 94 p.
Nowak, David J.; Walton, Jeffrey T. 2005. Projected Urban Growth (2000 - 2050) and Its Estimated Impact on the US Forest Resource. Journal of Forestry. December: 383-389.
Nowak, Dr. David J. 2005. Strategic tree planting as an EPA encouraged pollutant reduction strategy: how urban trees can obtain credit in state implementation plans. Sylvan Communities 23-27
Nowak, David J.; Walton, Jeffrey T.; Dwyer, John F.; Kaya, Latif G.; Myeong, Soojeong. 2005. The Increasing Influence of Urban Environments on US Forest Management. Journal of Forestry. December: 377-382.
Thompson, J.R.; Nowak, D.J.; Crane, D.E.; Hunkins, J.A. 2004. Iowa, U.S., communities benefit from a tree-planting program: characteristics of recently planted trees. Journal of Aboriculture. 30(1): January 2004
Nowak, David J.; Kuroda, Miki; Crane, Daniel E. 2004. Tree mortality rates and tree population projections in Baltimore, Maryland, USA. Urban Forestry Urban Greening. 2: 139-147
Heisler, Gordon M.; Grant, Richard H.; Nowak, David J.; Gao, Wei; Crane, Daniel E.; Walton, Jeffery T. 2003. Inclusion of an ultraviolet radiation transfer component in an urban forest effects model for predicting tree influences on potential below-canopy exposure to UVB radiation. In: Slusser, James R.; Herman, Jay R.; Gao, Wei, eds. Proceedings of SPIE, Ultraviolet ground- and space-based measurements, models, and effects III. August 4-6, 2003: San Diego, CA: The International Society for Optical Engineering. 228-235.
Dwyer, John F.; Nowak, David J.; Noble, Mary Heather. 2003. Sustaining Urban Forests. Journal of Arboriculture 29(1):49-55
Myeong, Soojeong; Nowak, David J.; Hopkins, Paul F.; Brock, Robert H. 2003. Urban cover mapping using digital, high-resolution aerial imagery. Urban Ecosystems. 5: 243-256.
Nowak, David J.; Crane, Daniel E.; Stevens, Jack C.; Ibarra, Myriam. 2002. Brooklyn's urban forest. Gen. Tech. Rep. NE-290. Newtown Square, PA: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station 107 p.
Nowak, David J.; Crane, Daniel E. 2002. Carbon storage and sequestration by urban trees in the USA. Environmental Pollution. 116: 381-389.
Nowak, David J.; Crane, Daniel E.; Dwyer, John F. 2002. Compensatory value of urban trees in the United States. Journal of Aboriculture. 28(4): 194-199.
Jouraeva, Venera A.; Johnson, David L.; Hassett, John P.; Nowak, David J. 2002. Differences in accumulation of PAHs and metals on the leaves of Tilia x euchlora and Pyrus calleryana. Environmental Pollution. 120: 331-338.
Nowak, David J.; Stevens, Jack C.; Sisinni, Susan M.; Luley, Christopher J. 2002. Effects of urban tree management and species selection on atmospheric carbon dioxide. Journal of Arboriculture. 28(3): 113-122.
Dwyer, John F.; Nowak, David J.; Watson, Gary W. 2002. Future Directions for Urban Forestry Research in the United States. Journal of Arboriculture 28(5):231-236
Nowak, David J.; Crane, Daniel E.; Walton, Jeffrey T.; Twardus, Daniel B.; Dwyer, John F. 2002. Understanding and quantifying urban forest structure, functions, and value. In: Kenney, W.A.; McKay, J.; van Wassaneaer, P., eds. Proceedings of the 5th Canadian urban forest conference.; 2002 October 7-9; Markham, Ontario. Region of York, Ontario: Ontario Urban Forest Council: 27-1 - 27-9.
Nowak, David J.; Noble, Mary H.; Sisinni, Susan M.; Dwyer, John F. 2001. Assessing the US Urban Forest Resources. Journal of Forestry. Vol. 99 no. 3.:p. 37-42. (2001)
Nowak, David J.; Pasek, Judith E.; Sequeira, Ronaldo A.; Crane, Daniel E.; Mastro, Victor C. 2001. Potential effect of Anoplophora glabripennis (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) on urban trees in the United States. Journal of Economic Entomology. 94(1): 116-122.
Nowak, David J.; O'Connor, Paul R.; [Compilers]. 2001. Syracuse urban forest master plan: guiding the city's forest resource into the 21st century. Gen. Tech. Rep. NE-287. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Research Station. 50 p.
Nowak, David J.; Dwyer, John F. 2001. Urban forest structure, benefits, and value. In: Kollin, Cheryl, ed. 2001 National urban forest conference proceedings. Washington, DC: American Forests: 24-26.
Dwyer, John F.; Nowak, David J.; Watson, Gary W. 2001. Urban forestry research in the United State: the state of art and future prospects. In: Sievanen, Tuija; Konijnendijk, Cecil D.; Langner, Linda; Nilsson, Kjell, eds. Proceedings, IUFRO research groups 6.01, 6.11.04 and 6.14, sessions iin the 21^st IUFRO World Congress 2000; [2000 August 7-12]; Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Research Paper 815. [Helsinki, Finland: Finnish Forest Research Institute]: 109-122
Dwyer, John F.; Nowak, David J. 2000. A National Assessment of the Urban Forest: An Overview. Society of American Foresters 1999 National Convention Portland, Oregon. p. 157-162. (2000)
Nowak, David J.; Civerolo, Kevin L.; Rao, S. Trivikrama; Sistla, Gopal; Luley, Christopher J.; Crane, Daniel E. 2000. A modeling study of the impact of urban trees on ozone. Atmospheric Environment. 34: 1601-1613.
Dwyer, John F.; Childs, Gina M.; Nowak, David J. 2000. Forestry in urban and urbanizing areas of the United States; connecting people with forest in the 21st century. In: Baskaran, Krishnapillay, et al., eds. Forests and society: the role of research: sub-plenary sessions vol. 1: 21^st IUFRO World congress; 2000 August 7-12; Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. [Vienna, Austria: International Union of Forest Research Organizations]: 629-637.
Nowak, David J.; Crane, Daniel E. 2000. The Urban Forest Effects (UFORE) model: quantifying urban forest structure and functions. In: Hansen, Mark; Burk, Tom, eds. Integrated tools for natural resources inventories in the 21st century. Gen. Tech. Rep. NC-212. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station. 714-720.
Johnson, D. L.; Nowak, D. J.; Jouraeva, V. A. 1999. Characterizing individual particles on tree leaves using computer automated scanning electron microscopy. Advances in Environmental Research. 2(4): 456-466.
Nowak, David J.; McHale, Patrick J.; Ibarra, Myriam; Crane, Daniel; Stevens, Jack C.; Luley, Chris J. 1998. Modeling the effects of urban vegetation on air pollution. In: Gryning, Sven-Erik; Chaumerliac, Nadine, eds. Air pollution modeling and its application XII. New York; Plenum Press: 399-407.
Onstad, David W.; Nowak, David J.; Jeffords, Michael R. 1997. Potential defoliation of trees by outbreak populations of gypsy moth in the Chicago area. Journal of Arboriculture. 23(2): 57-64.
McPherson, E. Gregory; Nowak, David; Heisler, Gordon; Grimmond, Sue; Souch, Catherine; Grant, Rich; Rowntree, Rowan. 1997. Quantifying urban forest structure, function, and value: the Chicago Urban Forest Climate Project. Urban Ecosystems. 1: 49-61.
Nowak, David J. 1996. Estimating leaf area and leaf biomass of open-grown deciduous urban trees. Forest Science. 42(4): 504-507.
Nowak, David J.; Rowntree, Rowan A.; McPherson, E. Gregory; Sisinni, Susan M.; Kirkmann, Esther R.; Stevens, Jack C. 1996. Measuring and analyzing urban tree cover. Urban Planning. 36: 49-57.
McPherson, Gregory E.; Nowak, David J.; Rowntree, Rowan A. 1994. Chicago's urban forest ecosystem: results of the Chicago Urban Forest Climate Project . Gen. Tech. Rep. NE-186. Radnor, PA: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station. 201 p.
Nowak, David J. 1994. Understanding the structure. Journal of Forestry. 92(10): 42-46.
Nowak, David J. 1993. Atmospheric carbon reduction by urban trees. Journal of Environmental Management. 37: 207-217.
McPherson, Gregory E.; Nowak, David J.; Sacamano, Paul L.; Prichard, Scott E.; Makra, Edith M. 1993. Chicago's evolving urban forest: initial report of the Chicago Urban Forest Climate Project. Gen. Tech. Rep. NE-169. Radnor, PA: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station. 55 p.
Nowak, David J. 1993. Compensatory value of an urban forest: an application of the tree-value formula. Journal of Arboriculture. 19(3): 173-177.
Nowak, David J. 1993. Historical vegetation change in Oakland and its implications for urban forest management. Journal of Arboriculture. 19(5): 313-319.
Nowak, David J.; McBride, Joe R. 1993. Testing microdensitometric ability to determine Monterey pine urban tree stress. Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing. 59(1): 89-91.
Nowak, David J.; McBride, Joe R. 1992. Differences in Monterey pine pest populations in urban and natural forests. Forest Ecology and Management. 50: 133-144.
Nowak, David J.; Sydnor, Davis T. 1992. Popularity of tree species and cultivars in the United States. Gen. Tech. Rep. NE-166. Radnor, PA: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station. 44 p.
Nowak, David J.; McBride, Joe R. 1991. Comparison of Monterey pine stress in urban and natural forests. Journal of Environmental Management. 32: 383-395.
Rowntree, Rowan A.; Nowak, David J. 1991. Quantifying the role of urban forests in removing atmospheric carbon dioxide. Journal of Arboriculture. 17(10): 269-275.
Nowak, David J. 1990. Height diameter relations of maple street trees. Journal of Arboriculture. 16(9): 231-235.
Nowak, David J.; Rowntree, Rowan A. 1990. History and range of Norway maple. Journal of Arboriculture. 16(11): 291-296.
Nowak, David J.; McBride, Joe R.; Beatty, Russell A. 1990. Newly planted street tree growth and mortality. Journal of Arboriculture. 16(5): 124-130.
Nowak, David J. 1990. Street tree pruning and removal needs. Journal of Arboriculture. 16(12): 309-315.
McBride, Joe R.; Nowak, David J. 1989. Urban park tree inventories. Arboricultural Journal 13:345-361

Last Modified: 12/08/2011